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Safe capacitors (also known as ESR capacitors or X capacitors) have various important roles and applications in power electronic equipment: Filtering: Safety capacitors are used as filters to help smooth out fluctuations in AC power supply and reduce the impact on sensitive circuit components. This is a common use of them in most power circuits.

Bypass: The bypass capacitor is used to provide energy storage for local devices, help balance the voltage regulator's output, and reduce load demand. The bypass capacitor should be as close as possible to the power supply pin and ground pin of the load device to prevent ground potential rise and noise.

Bypass: The bypass capacitor can also be used to bypass high-frequency noise, similar to the function of a small rechargeable battery, but it does not require regular charging.

Protection: In some designs, safety capacitors also play a protective role, especially in the event of electrical failure or incorrect operation, they can guide the high-voltage DC signal in the circuit to the ground, thereby protecting the user from electric shock.

Voltage stabilization: Safety capacitors help stabilize circuits, especially in high-frequency applications such as RF transceivers, FM transmitters, etc.

Anti interference: Safety capacitors play a role in reducing interference and improving the anti-interference ability and stability of circuits due to their special electrical performance.

Efficiency improvement: The low equivalent series resistance (ESR) and equivalent series inductance (ESL) of safety capacitors can effectively reduce power consumption in the circuit, thereby improving the overall efficiency of the circuit.

Safety guarantee: In some cases, such as switch mode power supply circuits, safety capacitors are crucial for ensuring the safety and certification of equipment, as they can protect circuits from damage caused by EMI/EMC issues.

When using safety capacitors, attention should be paid to selecting the appropriate type, rated voltage, and capacitance to avoid affecting the effectiveness and safety of the circuit.